As core equipment in foundation engineering and resource exploration, drilling machine technology development directly impacts project quality and efficiency. From geological exploration to construction, mineral extraction to geothermal development, drilling machines play irreplaceable roles across various fields. Modern drilling machines can be categorized into multiple types based on application: core drills for geological exploration, rotary drilling rigs for pile foundation engineering, down-the-hole drills for mining operations, and multi-functional drilling rigs adaptable to diverse construction requirements. These machines commonly employ advanced hydraulic transmission, automatic control, and monitoring systems. Technological innovations continuously enhance drilling machine performance: higher penetration rates, more precise positioning capabilities, and stronger rock penetration. Intelligent control systems enable real-time monitoring of drilling parameters and automatic adjustment of operating conditions, ensuring construction safety and efficiency. When selecting drilling equipment, factors such as geological conditions, borehole diameter and depth, and construction environment must be considered. Proper equipment selection and operational maintenance are crucial for ensuring project quality and extending equipment lifespan.